Juvenile Sex Offender Research
    Bibliography

A Comprehensive Bibliograhy of Scholarly Research and Literature Relating to Juvenile Sex Offenders

(About the Bibliography)

Line

Literature Reviews

Becker, J. V. (1990). Treating adolescent sexual offenders. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 21 (5), 362-365.

Becker, J. V., & Hunter, J. A. (1997). Understanding and treating child and adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 177-197.

Bischof, G. P., & Rosen, K. H. (1997). An ecological perspective on adolescent sexual offending. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26 (1/2), 67-88.

Bourke, M. L., & Donohue, B. (1996). Assessment and treatment of juvenile sex offenders: An empirical review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 5 (1), 47-70.

Camp, B. H., & Thyer, B. A. (1993). Treatment of adolescent sex offenders: A review of empirical research. Journal of Applied Social Sciences, 17 (2), 191-206.

Davis, G. E., & Leitenberg, H. (1987). Adolescent sex offenders. Psychological Bulletin, 101 (3), 417-127.

Ertl, M. A., & McNamara, J. R. (1997). Treatment of juvenile sex offenders: A review of the literature. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 14 (3), 199-221.

Kosky, R. J. (1989). Should sex offenders be treated? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 23, 176-180.

Marshall, W. L. (1996). Assessment, treatment, and theorizing about sex offenders: Developments during past twenty years and future directions. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 23 (1), 162-199.

Morenz, B., & Becker, J. (1995). The treatment of youthful sexual offenders. Applied & Preventive Psychology, 4 (4), 247-257.

Pithers, W. D., & Gray, A. (1998). The science of sex offenders: Risk assessment, treatment, and prevention: The other half of the story: Children with sexual behavior problems. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 4, 200.

Ryan, G. (1997). Sexually abusive youth. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 3-9). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Vizard, E., Monck, E., & Misch P. (1995). Child and adolescent sex abuse perpetrators: A review of the research literature. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 36 (5), 731-756.

Weinrott, M. R. (1996). Juvenile Sexual Aggression: A Critical Review. Boulder, CO: Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence, University of Colorado.

Line

Books and Reports

Ageton, S. S. (1983). Sexual assault among adolescents, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, (1997). Ethical standards and principles for the management of sexual abusers. Beaverton, OR: Author.

Bolton, F. G., Morris, L. A., & MacEachron, A. E. (1989). Male child sexual abuse. Males at risk: The other side of child sexual abuse, (pp. 46-58). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Breer, W. (1996). The adolescent molester (2nd ed.). Springfield, IL: Thomas Books.

Cumming, G., & Buell, M. (1997). The supervision of the sex offender. Brandon, VT: Safer Society Press.

Doshay, L. J. (1943). The boy sex offender and his later career. New York: Grune & Stratton.

Frey, C. L. (1995). Double jeopardy: Treating juvenile victims and perpetrators for the dual disorder of sexual abuse and substance abuse. Dubuque, IA: Islewest Publishing.

Jackson, I. F. (1984). A preliminary survey of adolescent sex offenses in New York: Remedies and recommendations. Syracuse, NY: Safer Society Press.

Knopp, F. H. (1985). The youthful sex offender: The rationale and goals of early intervention and treatment. Syracuse, NY: Safer Society Press.

National Adolescent Perpetrator Network, (1988). Preliminary report from the National Task Force on Juvenile Sexual Offending, 1988. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 39 (2), 1-67.

National Adolescent Perpetrator Network, (1993). Revised report from the National Task Force on Juvenile Sexual Offending, 1993. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 44 (4), 1 - 120.

Perry, G. P., & Orchard, J. (1992). Assessment and treatment of adolescent sex offenders. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.

Righthand, S., & The Committee on Child Sex Abuse Research Task Force, (1989). Young sex offenders in Maine. Portland, ME: Human Services Development Institute.

Ryan, G. D., & Lane, S. L. (Eds.). (1991). Juvenile sexual offending. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (Eds.). (1997). Juvenile sexual offending. (New and Revised Edition). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

State of Minnesota Office of the Legislative Auditor (Program Evaluation Division), (1994). Sex offender treatment programs. St. Paul, MN: Author.

Steen, C., & Monnette, B. (1989). Treating adolescent sex offenders in the community. Springfield, IL: Thomas Books.

Line

Assessment: Decision Making

Arp, P. O. (1997). A national survey of NAPN treaters of adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26 (1/2), 109-124.

Baird, D. (1991). A model for immediate voluntary assessment of male adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 77-85.

Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1988). The assessment of adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Behavioral Assessment of Children and Families, 4, 97-118.

Bethea-Jackson, G., & Brissett-Chapman, S. (1989). The juvenile sex offender: Challenges to assessment for outpatient intervention. Child and Adolescent Social Work, 6 (2), 127-137.

Bremer, J. F. (1998). Challenges in the assessment and treatment of sexually abusive adolescents. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 19 (1), 82-92.

Cashwell, C. S., & Caruso, M. E. (1997). Adolescent sex offenders: Identification and intervention strategies. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 19 (4), 336-348.

Gray, A., Pithers, W., Busconi, A., & Houchens, P. (Fall, 1997). Children with sexual behavior problems: An empirically derived taxonomy. The Forum: Newsletter of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA). 9 (4), 10-11.

Groth, A. N., & Loredo, C. M. (1981). Juvenile sexual offenders: Guidelines for assessment. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 25, 31-39.

Groth, A. N., Hobson, W. F., Lucey, K. P., & St. Pierre, J. (1981). Juvenile sexual offenders: Guidelines for treatment. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 25, 265-272.

Harnett, P. H., & Misch, P. (1993). Developmental issues in the assessment and treatment of adolescent perpetrators of sexual abuse. Journal of Adolescence, 16, 397-405.

Hughes, S. A., DeVille, C., Chalhoub, M., & Romboletti, R. (1992). The Rorschach human anatomy response: Predicting sexual offending behavior in juveniles. Journal of Psychiatry and Law, 20 (3), 313-333.

Hunter, J. A., Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M., & Goodwin, D. W. (1991). Reliability and discriminative utility of the Adolescent Cognitions Scale for juvenile sexual offenders. Annals of Sex Research. 4, 281-286.

Johnson, T. C., & Feldmeth, J. R. (1993). Sexual behaviors: A continuum. In E. Gil & T. C. Johnson (Eds.), Sexualized children: Assessment and treatment of sexualized children and children who molest (pp. 39-52). Rockville, MD: Launch Press.

Knight, R. A., & Prentky, R. (1993). Exploring characteristics for classifying juvenile sex offenders. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 45-79). New York: The Guilford Press.

Lane, S. (1997). Assessment of sexually abusive youth. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 219-263). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Losada Paisey, G. (1998). Use of the MMPI-A to assess personality of juvenile male delinquents who are sex offenders and nonsex offenders. Psychological Reports, 83, 115-122.

MacHovec, F., & Wieckowski, E. (1992). The 10FC Ten-Factor Continua of classification and treatment criteria for male and female sex offenders. Medical Psychotherapy, 5, 53-63.

O'Brien, M., & Bera, W. W. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders: A descriptive typology. Preventing sexual abuse: A newsletter of the National Family Life Education Network, 1 (3), 1-4.

Pithers, W. D., Becker, J. V., Kafka, M., Morenz, B., Schlank, A., & Leombruno, T. (1995). Children with sexual behavior problems, adolescent sexual abusers, and adult sex offenders: Assessment and treatment. Review of Psychiatry, 14, 779-818.

Ross, J. & Loss, P. (1991). Assessment of the juvenile sex offender. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 199-251). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Saunders E. B., & Awad G. A. (1988). Assessment, management, and treatment planning for male adolescent sexual offenders. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 58 (4), 571-579.

Simourd, D. J., Hoge, R. D., Andrews, D. A., & Leschied, A. W. (1994). An empirically-based typology of male young offenders. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 36 (4), 447-461.

Smith, W. R., & Monastersky, C. (1986). Assessing juvenile sexual offenders' risk for reoffending. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 13 (2), 115-140.

Steinberg, J. S. (1997). Assessing the reoffense for juvenile sex offenders in Lane County, Oregon. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Oregon,

Stickrod Gray, A., & Wallace, R. (1992). Adolescent sexual offender assessment packet. Brandon, VT: The Safer Society Press.

Vizard, E., Wynick, S., Hawkes, C., Woods, J., & Jenkins, J. (1996). Juvenile sexual offenders: Assessment issues. British Journal of Psychiatry, 168 (3), 259-262.

Line

Assessment: Tool Development

Bonner, B. L., Marx, B. P., Thompson, T. J., & Michaelson, P. (1998). Assessment of adolescent sexual offenders. Child Maltreatment, 3 (4), 374-383.

Bruinsma, F. (1995). Immediate assessment of adolescent sex offenders seen at the police station. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Counseling, 39 (4), 307-316.

Kraemer, B. D., Spielman, C. R., & Salisbury, S. B. (1997). Juvenile sex offender psychometric assessment. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: New insights, treatment innovations, and legal developments. Volume II (pp. 11-1 - 11-13). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Ryan, G. D., Metzner, J., & Krugman, R. D. (1990). When the abuser is a child. In R. Kim Oates (Ed.), Understanding and managing child sexual abuse (pp. 258-273). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

Witt, P. H., DelRusso, J., & Ferguson, G. (1996). Sex offender risk assessment and the law. The Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 24 (3), 343-377.

Zussman, R. (1989). Forensic evaluation of the adolescent sex offender. Forensic Reports, 2, 25-45.

Line

Treatment: Physiological Research

Becker, J. V., Hunter, J. A., Goodwin, D., Kaplan, M. S., & Martinez, D. (1992). Test-retest reliability of audio-taped phallometric stimuli with adolescent sexual offenders. Annals of Sex Research, 5, 45-51.

Becker, J. V., Hunter, Jr., J. A., Stein, R. M., & Kaplan, M. S. (1989). Factors associated with erection in adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 11 (4), 353-362.

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., & Kavoussi, R. (1988). Measuring the effectiveness of treatment for the aggressive adolescent sexual offender. In R. A. Prentky & V. L. Quinsey (Eds.), Human Sexual Aggression: Current Perspectives (pp. 215-222). New York: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., & Tenke, C. E. (1992). The relationship of abuse history, denial, and erectile response of profiles of adolescent sexual perpetrators. Behavior Therapy, 23, 87-97.

Becker, J. V., Stein, R. M., Kaplan, M. S., & Cunningham-Rathner, J. (1992). Erection response characteristics of adolescent sex offenders. Annals of Sex Research. 5 (2), 81-86.

Bradford, J. (1993). The pharmacological treatment of the adolescent sex offender. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 278-289). New York: The Guilford Press.

Card, R. D., & Dibble, A. (1995). Predictive value of the Card/Farrall stimuli in discriminating between gynephilic and pedophilic sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7 (2), 129-141.

Castonguay, L. G., Proulx, J., Aubut, J., McKibben, A., & Campbell, M. (1993). Sexual preference assessment of sexual aggressors: Predictors of penile response magnitude. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 22 (4), 325-335.

Emerick, R. L., & Dutton, W. A. (1993). The effect of polygraphy on the self report of adolescent sex offenders: Implications for risk assessment. Annals of Sex Research, 6 (2), 83-103.

Hunter, J. A., & Becker, J. V. (1994). The role of deviant sexual arousal in juvenile sexual offending: Etiology, evaluation, and treatment. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21 (1), 132-149.

Hunter, J. A., & Goodwin, D. W. (1992). The clinical utility of satiation therapy with juvenile sexual offenders: Variations and efficacy. Annals of Sex Research, 5 (2), 71-80.

Hunter, J. A., Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1995). The Adolescent Sexual Interest Card Sort: Test-retest reliability and concurrent validity in relation to phallometric assessment. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 24 (5), 555-562.

Hunter, J. A., Goodwin, D. W., & Becker, J. V. (1994). The relationship between phallometrically measured deviant sexual arousal and clinical characteristics in juvenile sexual offenders. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 32 (5), 533-538.

Kaemingk, K. L., Koselka, M., Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1995). Age and adolescent sexual offender arousal. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7 (4), 249-257.

Kaplan, M. S., Morales, M. & Becker, J. V. (1993). The impact of verbal satiation on adolescent sex offenders: A preliminary report. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2 (3), 81-88.

Weinrott, M. R., Riggan, M., & Frothingham, S. (1997). Reducing deviant arousal in juvenile sex offenders using vicarious sensitization. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12 (5), 704-728.

Line

Treatment Elements

Becker, J. V., & Stein, R. M. (1991). Is sexual erotica associated with sexual deviance in adolescent males? International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 14, 85-95.

Brannon, J. M., & Troyer, R. (1991). Peer group counseling: A normalized residential alternative to the specialized treatment of adolescent sex offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 35 (3), 225-234.

Brannon, J. M., Larson, B., & Doggett, M. (1991). Peer counseling strategies: Facilitating self-disclosure among sexually victimized juvenile offenders. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 11 (2), 51-58.

Brown, C. M., Traverso, G., & Fedoroff, J. P. (1996). Masturbation prohibition in sex offenders: A crossover study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 25 (4), 397-409.

Brown, S. D. (1997). Use of experiential activities in treatment of juvenile sex offenders: A multifamily group treatment model. Offender Programs Report, 1 (3), 35-47.

Elliott, D. M., & Smiljanich, K. (1994). Sex offending among juveniles: Development and response. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 8 (3), 101-105.

French, D. D. (1989). Distortion and lying as defense processes in the adolescent child molester. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services and Rehabilitation, 13 (1), 27-37.

Gerber, J., (1994). The use of art therapy in juvenile sex offender specific treatment. Arts in Psychotherapy, 21 (5), 367-374.

Gerdes, K. E., Gourly, M. M., & Cash, M. C. (1995). Assessing juvenile sex offenders to determine adequate levels of supervision. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19 (8), 953-961.

Goldsmith, H. R. (1988). The role of the juvenile probation officer regarding the adolescent sex offender and related issues. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services & Rehabilitation, 12 (2), 115-122.

Goodrow, K. K., & Mee-Gaik, L. (1998). Attachment theory applied to juvenile sex offending. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation. 27 (1/2), 149-165.

Graves, R., Openshaw, D. K., & Adams, G. R. (1992). Adolescent sex offenders and social skills training. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 36 (2), 139-153.

Greer, W. C. (1991). Aftercare: Community integration following institutional treatment. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 377-390). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Greer, W. C. (1997). Aftercare. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 417-430). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Hagood, M. (1994). Group art therapy with adolescent sex offenders. In M. Liebmann (Ed.), Art Therapy with Offenders (pp. 197-219). Bristol, PA: Kingsley.

Hains, A. A., Herrman, L. P., Baker, K. L., & Graber, S. (1986). The development of a psycho-educational group program for adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Counseling and Comparative Criminology, 11 (1), 63-76.

Harnett, P. H., & Misch, P. (1993). Developmental issues in the assessment and treatment of adolescent perpetrators of sexual abuse. Journal of Adolescence, 16, 397-405.

Kahn, T. J., & Lafond, M. A. (1988). Treatment of the adolescent sexual offender. Child and Adolescent Social Work, 5 (2), 135-148.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Tenke, C. (1991). Assessment of sexual knowledge and attitudes in an adolescent sex offender population. Journal of Sex Education & Therapy, 17 (3), 217-225.

Kaul, A. (1993). Sex offenders - cure or management? Medical Science Law, 33 (3), 207-212.

Kjol, R., & Weber, J. (1990). The 4th fire: Adventure-based counseling with juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Experiential Education, 13 (3), 18-22.

Laben, J. K., Dodd, D., & Sneed, L. (1991). King's theory of goal attainment applied in group therapy for inpatient juvenile sexual offenders, maximum security state offenders, and community parolees, using visual aids. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 12, 51-64.

Lakey, J. F. (1992). Myth information and bizarre beliefs of male juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 13 (1), 2-10.

Lakey, J. F. (1994). The profile of treatment of male adolescent sex offenders. Adolescence, 29 (116), 755-762.

Lambie, I., Robson, M., & Simmonds, L. (1997). Embedding psychodrama in a wilderness group program for adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26 (1/2), 89-107.

Lane, S. (1991). Special offender populations. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 299-331). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Lane, S. (1991). The sexual abuse cycle. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 103-141). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Lane, S. (1997). The sexual abuse cycle. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 77-121). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Lane, S., & Lobanov-Rostovsky, C. (1997). Special populations. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 322-359). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Loar, L. (1994). Child sexual abuse: Several brief interventions with young perpetrators. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18 (11), 977-986.

Margolin, L. (1984). Group therapy as a means of learning about the sexually assaultive adolescent. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 28 (1), 65-72.

Monto, M., Zgourides, G., & Harris, R. (1998). Empathy, self-esteem, and the adolescent sexual offender. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 10 (2).

Monto, M., Zgourides, G., Wilson, J., & Harris, R. (1994). Empathy and adolescent male sex-offenders. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 79, 1598.

Muster, N. J. (1992). Treating the adolescent victim-turned-offender. Adolescence, 27 (106), 441-450.

Newbauer, J. F., & Hess, S. W. (1994). Treating sex offenders and survivors conjointly: Gender issues with adolescent boys. Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 19 (2), 129-135.

Orr, B. Y. (1991). Male Adolescent sex offenders: A comparison of two treatment approaches. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 87-101.

Ross, J. E., & de Villier, M. P. (1993). Safety considerations in developing an adolescent sex offender program in residential treatment. Sexual Abuse and Residential Treatment, 11 (1), 37-47.

Rowe, B. (1988). Practical treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. Journal of Child Care, 3 (6), 51-58.

Ryan, G. (1989). Victim to victimizer. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 4 (3), 325-341.

Ryan, G. (1997). Creating an "abuse-specific" milieu. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 404-416). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1997). Integrating theory and method. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 267-321). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. D., Metzner, J., & Krugman, R. D. (1990). When the abuser is a child. In R. Kim Oates (Ed.), Understanding and managing child sexual abuse (pp. 258-273). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (1991). Integrating theory and method. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 255-297). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., Lane, S., Davis, J., & Isaac, C. (1986). Juvenile sex offenders: Development and correction. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11, 385-395.

Saunders E. B., & Awad G. A. (1988). Assessment, management, and treatment planning for male adolescent sexual offenders. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 58 (4), 571-579.

Scavo, R., & Buchanan, B. D. (1989). Group therapy for male adolescent sex offenders: A model for residential treatment. Residential Treatment for Children & Youth, 7 (2), 59-74.

Seasock, J. P. (1995). Identification of adolescent sexual offenders: A REBT model. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 13 (4), 261-271.

Stevenson, H. C., & Wimberley, R. (1990). Assessment of treatment impact of sexually aggressive youth. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services & Rehabilitation, 15 (2), 55-61.

Stevenson, H. C., Castillo, E., & Sefarbi, R. (1989). Treatment of denial in adolescent sex offenders and their families. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services & Rehabilitation, 14 (1), 37-50.

Swenson, C. C., Henggeler, S. W., Schoenwald, S. K., Kaufman, K. L., & Randall, J. (1998). Changing the social ecologies of adolescent sexual offenders: Implications of the success of multisystemic therapy in treating serious antisocial behavior in adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 3 (4), 330-338.

Thomas, J. (1991). The adolescent sex offender's family in treatment. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 333-376). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Thomas, J. (1997). The family in treatment. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 360-403). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Vaughn, M. S. (1992). Academic and vocational education for incarcerated adult and juvenile sex offenders: A national study. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 12, 47-61.

Whitford, R., & Parr, V. (1995). Uses of rational emotive behavior therapy with juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 13 (4), 273-282.

Wodarski, J. S., & Whitaker, D. L. (1989). Issues in treating sex offenders in the community. Journal of Social Work and Human Sexuality, 7, 145-155.

Line

Treatment Models

Agee, V. L. (1986). Institutional treatment programs for the violent juvenile. In S. J. Apter, & A. P. Goldstein (Eds.), Youth violence program & prospects (pp. 75-88). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Barbaree, H. E., & Cortoni, R. R. (1993). Treatment of the juvenile sex offender within the criminal justice and mental health systems. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 243-263). New York: The Guilford Press.

Barker, M. (1994). What do we know about the effectiveness of treatment for sex offenders? Prison Service Journal, 94, 26-30.

Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of the juvenile sex offender. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 264-277). New York: The Guilford Press.

Becker, J. V., & Kaplan, M. S. (1988). The assessment of adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Behavioral Assessment of Children and Families, 4, 97-118.

Becker, J. V., & Kavoussi, R. J. (1989). Diagnosis and treatment of juvenile sex offenders. In R. Rosner, & H. I. Schwartz (Eds.), Juvenile Psychiatry and The Law (pp. 133-143).

Becker, J. V., Harris, C. D., & Sales, B. D. (1993). Juveniles who commit sexual offenses: A critical review of research. In G. C. Nagayama Hall, R. Hirschman, J. R. Graham, & M. S. Zaragoza (Eds.), Sexual aggression: Issues in etiology, assessment, and treatment (pp. 215-228). Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis.

Bengis, S. (1997). Comprehensive service delivery with a continuum of care. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 211-218). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Berliner, L. (1998). Juvenile sex offenders: Should they be treated differently? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13 (5), 645-646.

Bohn, S. E. (1993). New techniques and technologies bring basic theories up to date. Corrections Today, 55 (7), 8-10.

Cellini, H. R. (1995). Assessment and treatment of the adolescent sexual offender. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: Corrections, treatment and legal practice (pp. 6-1 - 6-11). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Charles, G., & McDonald, M. (1997). Adolescent sexual offenders. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11 (1), 15-25.

Connolly, M., & Wolf, S. C. (1995). Services for juvenile sex offenders: Issues in establishing programs. Australian Social Work, 48 (3), 3-10.

Czech, N. J. (1988). Family therapy with adolescent sex offenders. In J. K. Zeig, & S. R. Lankton (Eds.), Developing Ericksonian Therapy (pp. 452-461). New York: Brunner Mazel.

Debelle, G. D., Ward, M. R., Burnham, J. B., Jamieson, R., & Ginty, M. (1993). Evaluation of intervention programmes for juvenile sex offenders: questions and dilemmas. Child Abuse Review, 2, 75-87.

DiGiorgio-Miller, J. (1994). Clinical techniques in the treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Young Victims, Young Offenders, 21 (1/2), 117-126.

Duehn, W. D. (1994). Cognitive-behavioral approaches in the treatment of the child sex offender. In D. K. Granvold (Ed.), Cognitive and behavioral treatment: Methods and applications (pp. 125-134). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Epps, K. J., (1994). Treating adolescent sex offenders in secure conditions; the experience at Glenthorne Centre Journal of Adolescence, 17, 105-122.

Fillmore, A. (1987). Treatment of the juvenile sex offender. Health Visitor, 60 (3), 97-98.

Freeman-Longo, R. E., Bird, S., Stevenson, W. F., & Fiske, J. A. (1995). 1994 nationwide survey of treatment programs & models serving abuse-reactive children and adolescent & adult sex offenders. Brandon, VT: Safer Society Program.

Gilbert-Evans, C. M., & Redditt, C. A. (1994). Adolescent sexual offenders: Potential for a healthier lifestyle. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 15 (5), 505-518.

Gray, A. S., & Pithers, W. D. (1993). Relapse prevention with sexually aggressive adolescents and children: Expanding treatment and supervision. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 289-319). New York: The Guilford Press.

Heinz, J., Ryan, G., & Bengis, S. (1991). The system's response to juvenile sex offenders. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 185-198). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Henderson, J. E., English, D. J., & MacKenzie, W. R. (1988). Family centered casework practice with sexually aggressive children [Special issue: Treatment of sex offenders in social work and mental health settings]. Journal of Social Work and Human Sexuality, 7, 89-108.

Hunter, J. A., & Santos, D. R. (1991). The use of specialized cognitive-behavioral therapies in the treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 34 (3), 239-247.

Kennedy, W. A., & Hume, M. P. (1998). Juvenile sex offender program reduces recidivism. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter. 14 (1), 1-4.

Knopp, F. H. (1982). Remedial intervention in adolescent sex offenses: Nine program descriptions. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Knopp, F. H., & Freeman-Longo, R. (1997). Program development. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 183-200). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Knopp, F. H., & Lane, S. L. (1991). Program development. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 21-37). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Knopp, F. H., & Stevenson, W. F. (1991). 1990 nationwide survey of juvenile & adult sex-offender treatment programs. Orwell, VT: Safer Society.

Knopp, F. H., Freeman-Longo, R., & Stevenson, W. F. (1993). 1992 nationwide survey of juvenile and adult sex offender treatment programs and models. Brandon, VT: Safer Society Press.

Lee, D. G., & Olender, M. B. (1992). Working with juvenile sex offenders in foster care. Community Alternatives: International Journal of Family Care, 4 (2), 63-75.

Lombardo, R., & DiGiorgio-Miller, J. (1988). Concepts and techniques in working with juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services, & Rehabilitation, 13 (1), 39-53.

Mamabolo, L. M. (1996). Group treatment program for sexually and physically assaultive young offenders in a secure custody facility. Canadian Psychology, 37 (3), 154-160.

Margolin, L. (1983). A treatment model for the adolescent sex offender. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services, & Rehabilitation, 8 (1/2), 1-12.

Marsh L. F., Connell, P., & Olson, E. (1988). Breaking the cycle: Adolescent sexual treatment manual. Beaverton, OR: St. Mary's Home for Boys.

Marshall, W. L., & Eccles, A. (1993). Pavolvian conditioning processes in adolescent sex offenders. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 118-142). New York: The Guilford Press.

Martin, S. (1997). Sex offender treatment: An uphill journey. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11 (1), 27-42.

Mathews, F. (1997). The adolescent sex offender field in Canada: Old problems, current issues, and emerging controversies. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11 (1), 55-62.

Mazur, T., & Michael, P. M. (1992). Outpatient treatment for adolescents with sexually inappropriate behavior. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 18 (3/4), 191-203.

McConaghy, N. (1990). Assessment and treatment of sex offenders: The Prince of Wales Programme. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 24 (2), 175-181.

Metzner, J. L. (1987). The adolescent sex offender: An overview. Colorado Lawyer, 16 (10), 1844-1849.

Metzner, J. L., & Ryan, G. D. (1995). Sexual abuse perpetration. In G. P. Sholevar (Ed.), Conduct disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 119-144). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Millard, D., & Hagan M. (1996). Ethan Allen School rehabilitates juvenile sex offenders. Corrections Today, 58 (5), 92-95.

Milloy, C. D. (1998). Specialized treatment for juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13 (5), 653-657.

Miner, M. H., & Crimmins, C.L. S. (1997). Adolescent sex offenders - Issues of etiology and risk factors. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: New insights, treatment innovations, and legal developments Volume II (pp. 9-1 - 9-15). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

O'Brien, M. (1982). Adolescent sexual offenders: A community faces reality [Special issue: Sexually exploited children]. Change, A juvenile justice quarterly, (5), 16-18.

Pithers, W. D., Becker, J. V., Kafka, M., Morenz, B., Schlank, A., & Leombruno, T. (1995). Children with sexual behavior problems, adolescent sexual abusers, and adult sex offenders: Assessment and treatment. Review of Psychiatry, 14, 779-818.

Reiter, M. J., & Grinde D. (1995). The Minnesota Correctional Facility Sauk Centre Juvenile Sex Offender Program (Investigative Report 95-1). MN: Ombudsman for Corrections

Residential program effective for young sex offenders. (July, 1992). The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 8 (7), 4.

Roberts, R. E., Abrams, L., & Finch, J. R. (Jan., 1973). "Delinquent" sexual behavior among adolescents. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 7 (1), 162-183.

Ryan, G. (1991). Theories of etiology. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 41-55). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). The evolving response to juvenile sexual offenses. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 179-181). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1997). Theories of etiology. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 19-35). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1998). What is so special about specialized treatment? Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 13 (5), 647-653.

Sanders, G. L. (1997). Recovering from paraphilia: An adolescent's journey from despair to hope. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11 (1), 43-54.

Sapp, A. D., & Vaughn, M. S. (1990). Juvenile sex offender treatment at state-operated correctional institutions. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 34, 131-146.

Sermabeikian, P., & Martinez, D. (1994). Treatment of adolescent sexual offenders: Theory-based practice. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18 (11), 969-976.

Smets, A. C., & Cebula, C. M. (1987). A group treatment program for adolescent sex offenders: Five steps toward resolution. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11 (2), 247-254.

Smith, C. J., Hayler, B., Padalino, N., & Craig, K. S. (1998). An interim report on the evaluation of the Illinois Department of Corrections' Juvenile Division special supervision units program: sex offender treatment unit. Chicago, IL: Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority.

Stenson, P., & Anderson, C. (1987). Treating juvenile sex offenders and preventing the cycle of abuse. Journal of Child Care, 3 (2), 91-102.

Stops, M., & Mays, G. L. (1991). Treating adolescent sex offenders in a multi-cultural community setting. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 17 (1/2), 87-103.

Taylor, T. W. (1994). A nationwide survey of treatment programs for juvenile sex offenders. Unpublished master's thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia.

Weiks, J. C., & Lehker, D. (1988). Specialized treatment of adolescent sex offenders in a juvenile court setting. Juvenile and Family Court Journal. 39 (1), 29-35.

Wright, T. M. (1998). Adolescent sex offender treatment: Programs in the era of managed care. Unpublished doctoral project, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN.

Line

Treatment: Issues of Concern to Individuals Working With Juvenile Sex Offenders

Arp, P. O. (1997). A national survey of NAPN treaters of adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26 (1/2), 109-124.

Etgar, T. (1996). Parallel processes in a training and supervision group for counselors working with adolescent sex offenders. Social Work with Groups, 19 (3/4), 57-69.

Goocher, B. E. (1994). Some comments on the residential treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Child & Youth Care Forum, 23 (4), 243-250.

Griffin, S., Williams, M., Hawkes, C., & Vizard, E. (1997). The Professional Carers' Group: Supporting group work for young sexual abusers. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21 (7), 681-690.

Hunter, J. A., & Lexier, L. J. (1998). Ethical and legal issues in the assessment and treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Child Maltreatment, 3 (4), 339-348.

Mintzer, M. B. (1996). Understanding countertransference reactions in working with adolescent perpetrators of sexual abuse. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 60 (2), 219-228.

Muster, N. J. (1992). Treating the adolescent victim-turned-offender. Adolescence, 27 (106), 441-450.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (1991). The impact of sexual abuse on the interventionist. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 411-437). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., & Lane, S. (1997). The impact of sexual abuse on the interventionist. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 457-474). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Sanders, R. M., & Ladwa-Thomas, U. (1997). Interagency perspectives on child sexual abuse perpetrated by juveniles. Child Maltreatment, 2 (3), 264-271.

Witt, P. H., & Frank, M. (1994). Managing therapist anxiety in the outpatient treatment of sex offenders. Psychotherapy and the Dangerous Patient, 9 (1/2), 77-87.

Line

Characteristics: Offender's Own Abuse History

Becker, J. V. (1988). The effects of child sexual abuse on adolescent sexual offenders. In G. E. Wyatt & G. J. Powell (Eds.), Lasting effects of child sexual abuse (pp. 193-207). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Benoit, J. L., & Kennedy, W. A. (1992). The abuse history of male adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 7 (4), 543-548.

Brannon, J. M., Larson, B., & Doggett, M. (1989). The extent and origins of sexual molestation and abuse among incarcerated adolescent males. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 3, 161-172.

Burgess, A. W., Hartman, C. R., McCormack, A., & Grant, C. A. (1988). Child victim to juvenile victimizer: treatment implications. International Journal of Family Psychiatry, 9 (4), 403-416.

Cantwell, H. B. (1988). Child sexual abuse: very young perpetrators. Child Abuse & Neglect, 12, 579-582.

Cavanagh Johnson, T. (1988). Child perpetrators-children who molest other children: preliminary findings. Child Abuse & Neglect, 12, 219-229.

DiCenso, C. B. (1992). The adolescent sexual offender: Victim and perpetrator. In E. C. Viano (Ed.), Critical Issues in Victimology: International Perspectives (pp. 190-200). New York: Springer.

Eisenman, R., & Kristsonis, W. (1995). How children learn to become sex offenders. Psychology - A Quarterly Journal of Human Behavior, 32 (1), 25-29.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Tenke, C. E. (1991). Influence of abuse history on male adolescent self-reported comfort with interviewer gender. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6 (1), 3-11.

Lindorfer, K., & Walsh, A. (1996). Self-victimization disclosures of juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Corrective and Social Psychiatry, 42 (1), 8-11.

Worling, J. R. (1995). Sexual abuse histories of adolescent male sex offenders: Differences on the basis of the age and gender of their victims. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104 (4), 610-613.

Zgourides, G., Monto, M., & Harris, R. (1994). Prevalence of prior adult sexual contact in a sample of adolescent male sex offenders. Psychological Reports, 75, 1042.

Line

Characteristics: Sexualization

Does pornography influence sexual deviance in young males? (1991). The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 7 (9), 4.

Kershner, R. (1996). Adolescent attitudes about rape. Adolescence, 31 (121), 29-33.

Longo, R. E. (1982). Sexual learning and experience among adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 26, 235-241.

Malmquist, C. P. (Sept., 1985). Sexual offenses among adolescents. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality, 19, 134-139.

Ostrov, E., Offer, D., Howard, K. I., Kaufman, B., & Meyer, H. (1985). Adolescent sexual behavior. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality. 19, 28-36.

Pornography and sex crimes. (1989). The Edell Health Letter, 8 (3), 6.

Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Becker, J. V., Koopman, C., & Kaplan, M. (1991). AIDS knowledge and beliefs, and sexual behavior of sexually delinquent and non-delinquent (runaway) adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 14, 229-244.

Ryan, G. (1991). Consequences for the juvenile sex offender. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 175-181). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). Consequences for the youth who has been abusive. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 168-175). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Zgourides, G., Monto, M., & Harris, R. (1997). Correlates of adolescent male sexual offense: Prior adult sexual contact, sexual attitudes, and use of sexually explicit materials. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 41 (3), 272-283.

Line

Offender Characteristics: Incest

Arroyo, W., Spencer, E., & Pynoos, R. (1984). Sexual assault of a mother by her preadolescent son. American Journal of Psychiatry, 141 (9), 1107-1108.

Ascherman, L. I., & Safier, E. J. (1990). Sibling incest: A consequence of individual and family dysfunction. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 54, 311-322.

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., Cunningham-Rathner, J., & Kavoussi, R. (1986). Characteristics of adolescent incest sexual perpetrators: Preliminary findings. Journal of Family Violence, 1 (1), 85-97.

Finkelhor, D. H. (1980). Sex among siblings: A survey on prevalence, variety, and effects. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 9 (3), 171-194.

Kaplan, M. S., & Becker, J. V. (1992). Adolescent perpetrators of incest: A clinical and legal sourcebook. In R. T. Ammerman, & M. Hersen (Eds.), Assessment of Family Violence (pp. 332-347). New York: Wiley.

O' Brien, M. J. (1989). Characteristics of male adolescent sibling incest offenders. Safer Society: Orwell, VT.

Pierce, L. H., & Pierce, R. L. (1987). Incestuous victimization by juvenile sex offenders. Journal of Family Violence, 2 (4), 351-364.

Smith, H., & Israel, E. (1987). Sibling incest: A study of the dynamics of 25 cases. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11, 101-108.

Worling, J. R. (1995). Adolescent sibling-incest offenders: Differences in family and individual functioning when compared to adolescent nonsibling sex offenders. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19 (5), 633-643.

Line

Offender Characteristics: Family and Peers

Bischof, G. P. (1991). Adolescent male sexual offenders' perceptions of their family characteristics. Unpublished master's thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg.

Bischof, G. P., Stith, S. M., & Whitney, M. L. (1995). Family environments of adolescent sex offenders and other juvenile delinquents. Adolescence, 30 (117), 157-171.

Bischof, G. P., Stith, S. M., & Wilson, S. M. (1992). A comparison of the family systems of adolescent sexual offenders and nonsexual offending delinquents. Family Relations, 41, 318-323.

Blaske, D. M., Borduin, C. M., & Henggeler, S. W., & Mann, B. J. (1989). Individual, family, and peer characteristics of adolescent sex offenders and assaultive offenders. Developmental Psychology, 25 (5), 846-855.

Ford, M. E., & Linney, J. A. (1995). Comparative analysis of juvenile sexual offenders, violent nonsexual offenders, and status offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10 (1), 56-70.

Graves. R. B., Openshaw, D. K., Ascione, F. R., & Ericksen, S. L. (1996). Demographic and parental characteristics of youthful sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 40 (4), 300-317.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Cunningham-Rathner, J. (1988). Characteristics of parents of adolescent incest perpetrators: Preliminary findings. Journal of Family Violence, 3 (3), 183-191.

Kaplan, M. S., Becker, J. V., & Martinez, D. F. (1990). A comparison of mothers of adolescent incest vs. non-incest perpetrators. Journal of Family Violence, 5 (3), 209-214.

Kobayashi, J., Sales, B. D., Becker, J. V., Figueredo, A. J., & Kaplan, M. S. (1995). Perceived parental deviance, parent-child bonding, child abuse, and child sexual aggression. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 7 (1), 25-44.

Ryan, G. (1991). The juvenile sex offender's family. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 143-160). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). The families of sexually abusive youth. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 136-154). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Sefarbi, R. (1990). Admitters and deniers among adolescent sex offenders and their families: A preliminary study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 60 (3), 460-465.

Smith, S. M., & Bischof, G. H. (1996). Communication patterns in families of adolescent sex offenders. In D. D. Cahn, & S. A. Lloyd (Eds.), Family violence from a communication perspective (pp. 108-126). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Line

Characteristics: Modus Operandi

Kaufman, K. L., Hilliker, D. R., & Daleiden, E. L. (1996). Subgroup differences in the modus operandi of adolescent sexual offenders. Child Maltreatment, 1 (1), 17-24.

Kaufman, K. L., Hilliker, D. R., Lathrop, P., & Daleiden, E. L. (1993). Assessing child sexual offenders' modus operandi: Accuracy in self-reported use of threats and coercion. Annals of Sex Research, 6 (3), 213-229.

Kaufman, K. L., Holmberg, J. K., McCrady, K. A., & Fara, E., et. al. (1998). Factors influencing sexual offenders' modus operandi: An examination of victim-offender relatedness and age. Child Maltreatment, 3 (4), 349-361.

Kourany, R. F. C., Martin, J. E., & Armstrong, S. H. (1979). Sexual experimentation by adolescents while babysitting. Adolescence, 14 (54), 283-288.

Vinogradov, S., Dishotsky, N. I., Doty, A. K., & Tinklenberg, J. R. (1988). Patterns of behavior in adolescent rape. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 58 (2), 179-187.

Line

Offender Characteristics: Mental Health

Becker, J. V., Kaplan, M. S., Tenke, C. E., & Tartaglini, A. (1991). The incidence of depressive symptomatology in juvenile sex offenders with a history of abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 15 (4), 531-536.

Carpenter, D. R., Peed, S. F., & Eastman, B. (1995). Personality characteristics of adolescent sexual offenders: A pilot study. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7 (3), 195-203.

Chorn, R., & Parekh, A. (1997). Adolescent sexual offenders: A self-psychological perspective. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 51, 210-228.

Dalton, J. E. (1996). Juvenile male sex offenders: Mean scores on the BASC Self-Report of Personality. Psychological Reports, 79, 634.

Day, K. (1994). Male mentally handicapped sex offenders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 630-639.

France, K. & Hudson, S. M. (1993). The conduct disorders and the juvenile sex offender. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 225-234). New York: Guilford Press.

Gilby, R., Wolf, L., & Goldberg, B. (1989). Mentally retarded adolescent sex offenders: A survey and pilot study. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 34 (6), 542-548.

Ho, T. (1997). Mentally retarded sex offenders. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 13 (3), 251-263.

Kavoussi, R. J., Kaplan, M., & Becker, J. V. (1988). Psychiatric diagnoses in adolescent sex offenders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27 (2), 241-243.

Lakey, J. F. (March, 1999). Adolescent male sex offenders challenge therapists' skill. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter. 3 (15), 1.

Langevin, R., & Pope, S. (1993). Working with learning disabled sex offenders. Annals of Sex Research, 6 (2), 149-160.

Miccio-Fonseca, L. C. (1996). Comparative differences in the psychological histories of sex offenders, victims, and their families. Sex Offender Treatment, 23 (3/4), 71-83.

Smith, W. R., Monastersky, C., & Deisher, R. M. (1987). MMPI-based personality types among juvenile sexual offenders. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43 (4), 422-430.

Stermac, L. & Sheridan, P. (1993). The developmentally disabled adolescent sex offender. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 235-242). New York: The Guilford Press.

Line

Offender Characteristics: Recidivism

Borduin, C. M., Henggeler, S. W., Blaske, D. M., & Stein, R. J. (1990). Multisystemic treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 34 (2), 105-113.

Brannon, J. M., & Troyer, R. (1991). Peer group counseling: A normalized residential alternative to the specialized treatment of adolescent sex offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 35 (3), 225-234.

Brannon, J. M., & Troyer, R. (1995). Adolescent sex offenders: investigating adult commitment rates four years later. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 39, (4), 317-326.

Bremer, J. F. (1992). Serious juvenile sex offenders: Treatment and long-term follow-up. Psychiatric Annals, 22 (6), 326-332.

Hagan, M. P., & Cho, M. E. (1996). A comparison of treatment outcomes between adolescent rapists and child sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 40 (2), 113-122.

Hagan, M. P., King, R. P., & Patros, R. L. (1994). Recidivism among adolescent perpetrators of sexual assault against children. Young Victims, Young Offenders, 21 (1-2), 127-137.

Hagan, M. P., King, R. P., & Patros, R. L. (1994). The efficacy of a serious sex offender treatment program for adolescent rapists. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 38 (2), 141-150.

Kahn, T. J., & Chambers, H. J. (1991). Assessing reoffense risk with juvenile sexual offenders. Child Welfare, LXX (3), 333-345.

Lab, S. P., Shields, G., & Schondel, C. (1993). Research note: An evaluation of juvenile sexual offender treatment. Crime & Delinquency, 39 (4), 543-553.

McConaghy, N., Blaszczynski, A., Armstrong, M. S., & Kidson, W. (1989). Resistance to treatment of adolescent sex offenders. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 18 (2), 97-107.

Mrazek, D. A. (1983). Long-term follow-up of an adolescent perpetrator of sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 7 (2), 239-240.

Nagayama Hall, G. C. (1995). Sexual offender recidivism revisited: A meta-analysis of recent treatment studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63 (5), 802-809.

Rasmussen, L. A. (1995). Factors related to recidivism among juvenile sex offenders. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Dissertation Services.

Rasmussen, L. A. (1999). Factors related to recidivism among juvenile sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11 (1), 69-85.

Rubinstein, M., Yeager, C. A., Goodstein, C., & Lewis, D. O. (1993). Sexually assaultive male juveniles: A follow-up. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, (2), 262-265.

Schram, D. D., Milloy, C. D., & Rowe, W. E. (1991). Juvenile sex offenders: A follow-up study of reoffense behavior. Olympia, WA: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.

Shaw, T. A., Herkov, M. J., & Greer, R. A. (1995). Examination of treatment completion and predicted outcome among incarcerated sex offenders. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 23 (1), 35-41.

Shields, G., Schondel, C., & Lab, S. (1993). Treating the juvenile sex offender: Specialized court intervention vs. utilization of community resources. Journal of Law and Social Work, 4 (2), 8-16.

Sipe, R., Jensen, E. L., & Everett, R. S. (1998). Adolescent sexual offenders grown up: Recidivism in young adulthood. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 25 (1), 109-125.

Line

Offender Characteristics: Comparative Studies

Allard-Dansereau, C., Haley, N., Hamane, M., & Bernard-Bonnin, A. C. (1997). Pattern of child sexual abuse by young aggressors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21 (10), 965-974.

Awad, G. A., Saunders, E., & Levene, J. (1984). A clinical study of male adolescent sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 20, 105-116.

Cooper, C. L., Murphy, W. D., & Haynes, M. A. (1996). Characteristics of abused and nonabused adolescent sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 8 (2), 105-119.

Daleiden, E. L., Kaufman, K. L., Hilliker, D. R. & O'Neil, J. N. (1998). The sexual histories and fantasies of youthful males: A comparison of sexual offending, nonsexual offending and nonoffending groups. Journal of Sexual Abuse, 10 (3).

Epps, K. J., Haworth, R., & Swaffer, T. (1993). Attitudes toward women and rape among male adolescents convicted of sexual versus nonsexual crimes. Journal of Psychology, 127 (5), 501-507.

Fagan, J., & Wexler, S. (1988). Explanations of sexual assault among violent delinquents [Special issue: Adolescent sexual behavior]. Journal of Adolescent Research, 3, 363-385.

Friedrich, W. N., & Luecke, W. J. (1988). Young school-age sexually aggressive children. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 19 (2), 155-164.

Gregory, K. D. (1998). Treatment impact on recidivism: A comparison of juvenile sex offenders and juvenile violent offenders. Unpublished master's thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia.

Hastings, T., Anderson, S. J., & Hemphill, P. (1997). Comparisons of daily stress, coping, problem behavior, and cognitive distortions in adolescent sexual offenders and conduct-disordered youth. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 9 (1), 29-42.

Herkov, M. J., Gynther, M.D., Thomas, S., & Myers, W. C. (1996). MMPI differences among adolescent inpatients, rapists, sodomists, and sexual abusers. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66 (1), 81-90.

Jacobs, W. L., Kennedy, W. A., & Meyer, J. B., (1997). Juvenile delinquents: a between-group comparison study of sexual and nonsexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 9 (3), 201-217.

Juvenile sex offenders at risk for continued violence as adults. (March, 1993). The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 9 (3), 4.

Katz, R. C. (1990). Psychosocial adjustment in adolescent child molesters. Child Abuse & Neglect, 14, 567-575.

Kaufman, K. L., Holmberg, J. K., McCrady, K. A., & Fara, E., et. al. (1998). Factors influencing sexual offenders' modus operandi: An examination of victim-offender relatedness and age. Child Maltreatment, 3 (4), 349-361.

Kempton, T., & Forehand, R. (1992). Juvenile sex offenders: Similar to, or different from, other incarcerated delinquent offenders? Behavior Research and Therapy, 30 (5), 533-536.

Krupica, K. A. (1997). A comparison between juvenile sex offenders and juvenile non-sex offenders on levels of dissociation. Unpublished master's thesis, Roosevelt University, Chicago.

Lewis, D. O., Shankok, S. S., & Pincus, J. H. (1979). Juvenile male sexual assaulters. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136 (9), 1194-1196.

McCraw, R. K., & Pegg-McNab J. (1989). Rorschach comparisons of male juvenile sex offenders and nonsex offenders. Journal of Personality Assessment, 53 (3), 546-553.

Milloy, C. (1994). A comparative study of juvenile sex offenders and non-sex offenders. Olympia, WA: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.

Moody, E. E., Brissie, J., & Kim, J. (1994). Personality and background characteristics of adolescent sexual offenders. Journal of Addictions and Offender Counseling, 14, 38-48.

Nanjundappa, G., deRios, M., Mio, J. S., & Verleur, D. E. (1987). Profiles of juvenile male incest perpetrators: Preliminary treatment implications. Journal of Offender Counseling, 8, 25-31.

Oliver, L. L., Nagayamahall Hall, G. C., & Neuhaus, S. M. (1993). A comparison of the personality and background characteristics of adolescent sex offenders and other adolescent offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 20 (4), 359-370.

Porter, S. (1990). Adolescent sex offenders: A study of the relationship between self-concept and sexual behavior in adolescent males. American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 8 (3), 61-73.

Ray, J. A., & English, D. L. (1995). Comparison of female and male children with sexual behavior problems. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 24 (4), 439-451.

Richardson, G., Kelly, T. P., Bhate, S. R., & Graham, F. (1997). Group differences in abuser and abuse characteristics in a British sample of sexually abusive adolescents. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 9 (3), 239 - 257.

Risk, S. R. (1993). Assessment of Social Functioning Among Juvenile Sexual Offenders, Juvenile Delinquents, and Non-Delinquent Adolescents. Unpublished master's thesis, Roosevelt University, Chicago.

Saunders, E., Awad, G. A., & White, G. (1986). Male adolescent sexual offenders: The offender and the offense. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 31 (6), 542-549.

Shaw, J. A., Campo-Bowen, A. E., Applegate, B., Perez, D., Antoine, L. B., Hart, E. L., Lahey, B. B. & Testa, R. J. (1993). Young boys who commit serious sexual offenses: Demographics, psychometrics, and phenomenology. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 21 (4), 399-408.

Spaccarelli, S., Bowden, B., Coatsworth, J. D., & Kim, S. (1997). Psychosocial correlates of male sexual aggression in a chronic delinquent sample. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 24 (1), 71-95.

Tarter, R. E., Hegedus, A. M., Alterman, A. J., & Katz-Garris, L. (1983). Cognitive capacities of juvenile violent, nonviolent, and sexual offenders. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 171 (9), 564-567.

Tingle, D., Barnard, G. W., Robbins, L., Newman, G., & Hutchinson, D. (1986). Childhood and adolescent characteristics of pedophiles and rapists. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 9, 103-116.

Truscott, D. (1993). Adolescent offenders: Comparison for sexual, violent, and property offences. Psychological Reports, 73, 657-658.

Valliant, P. M., & Bergeron, T. (1997). Personality and criminal profile of adolescent sexual offenders, general offenders in comparison to nonoffenders. Psychological Reports, 81, 483-489.

Van Ness, S. R. (1984). Rape as instrumental violence: A study of youth offenders. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services, and Rehabilitation, 9, 161-170.

Whiskin, F. E. (1972). Therapy with adolescent sex offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 16 (2), 116-120.

Worling, J. R. (1995). Adolescent sex offenders against females: Differences based on the age of their victims. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 39 (3), 276-292.

Line

Offender Characteristics: Retrospective Studies

Abel, G. G., Osborn, C. A., & Twigg, D. A. (1993). Sexual assault through the life span: Adult offenders with juvenile histories. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 104-117). New York: The Guilford Press.

Fromuth, M. E., Burkhart, B. R., & Jones, C. W. (1991). Hidden child molestation: An investigation of adolescent perpetrators in a nonclinical sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6 (3), 376-384.

Longo, R. E., & Groth, A. N. (1983). Juvenile sexual offenses in the histories of adult rapists and child molesters. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 27 (2), 150-155.

Longo, R., & McFadin, B. (1981). Sexually inappropriate behavior. Law and Order, 29, 21-23.

Prentky, R. A., Knight, R. A., Sims-Knight, J. E., Straus, H., Rokous, F., & Cerce, D. (1989). Developmental antecedents of sexual aggression. Development & Psychopathology 1, 153-169.

Ryan, G. (1998). The relevance of early life experience to the behaviour of sexually abusive youth. Irish Journal of Psychology, 19 (1), 32-48.

Line

Offender Characteristics: Combination of Characteristics

Atcheson, J. D., & Williams, D. C. (1954). A study of juvenile sex offenders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 366-370.

Awad, G. A., & Saunders, E. B. (1989). Adolescent child molesters: Clinical observations. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 19 (3), 195-206.

Awad, G. A., & Saunders, E. B. (1991). Male adolescent sexual assaulters. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6 (4), 446-460.

Becker, J. V., Cunningham-Rathner, J., & Kaplan, M. S. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders: Demographics, criminal, and sexual histories, and recommendations for reducing future offenses. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1 (4), 431-451.

Burton, D. L., Nesmith, A. A., & Badten, L. (1997). Clinician's views on sexually aggressive children and their families: A theoretical exploration. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21 (2), 157-170.

Fagan, J., & Wexler, S. (1988). Explanations of sexual assault among violent delinquents [Special issue: Adolescent sexual behavior]. Journal of Adolescent Research, 3, 363-385.

Fehrenbach, P. A., Smith, W., Monastersky, C., & Deisher, R. W. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders: Offender and offense characteristics. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 56 (2), 225 - 233.

Graves, R. B. (1993). Conceptualizing the Youthful Male Sex Offender: A Meta-Analytic Examination of Offender Characteristics by Offense Type. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Utah State University: Logan.

Graves. R. B., Openshaw, D. K., Ascione, F. R., & Ericksen, S. L. (1996). Demographic and parental characteristics of youthful sexual offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 40 (4), 300-317.

Groth, A. N. (1977). The adolescent sexual offender and his prey. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 21, 249-254.

Hsu, L. K. G., & Starzynski, J. (1990). Adolescent rapists and adolescent child sexual assaulters. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative. Criminology, 34 (1), 23-30.

Kraemer, B. D., Salisbury, S. B., & Spielman, C. R. (1998). Pretreatment variables associated with treatment failure in a residential juvenile sex-offender program. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 25 (2), 190-203.

Lightfoot, L. O., & Barbaree, H. E. (1993). The relationship between substance use and abuse and sexual offending behavior in adolescents. In H.E. Barbaree, W.L. Marshall, & S.M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 203-224). New York: The Guilford Press.

Mio, J. S., Nanjundappa, G., Verleur, D. E., & De Rios, M. D. (1986). Drug abuse and the adolescent sex offender: A preliminary analysis. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 18 (1), 65-72.

Nanjundappa, G., deRios, M., Mio, J. S., & Verleur, D. E. (1987). Profiles of juvenile male incest perpetrators: Preliminary treatment implications. Journal of Offender Counseling, 8, 25-31.

O'Brien, M., & Bera, W. W. (1986). Adolescent sexual offenders: A descriptive typology. Preventing sexual abuse: A newsletter of the National Family Life Education Network, 1 (3), 1-4.

Rantakallio, P., Myhrman, A., & Koiranen, M. (1995). Juvenile offenders, with special reference to sex differences. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 30, 113-120.

Richardson, G., Graham, F., & Bhate, S. R. (1995). A British sample of sexually abusive adolescents: Abuser and abuse characteristics. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 5, 187-208.

Ryan, G. (1991). Juvenile sex offenders: Defining the population. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 3-7). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G., Miyoshi, T. J., Metzner, J. L., Krugman, R. D., & Fryer, G. E. (1996). Trends in a national sample of sexually abusive youths. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35 (1), 17-25.

Saunders, E. B., & Awad, G. A. (1991). Male adolescent sexual offenders: Exhibitionism and obscene phone calls. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 21 (3), 169-178.

Simourd, D. J., Hoge, R. D., Andrews, D. A., & Leschied, A. W. (1994). An empirically-based typology of male young offenders. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 36 (4), 447-461.

White, J. W., & Koss, M. P. (1993). Adolescent sexual aggression within heterosexual relationships: prevalence, characteristics, and causes. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 182-202). New York: The Guilford Press.

Wilson, P., & Shine, J. (1990). Characteristics and potential treatment needs of sexual offenders. In M. McMurran (Ed.), Applying psychology to imprisonment: Young offenders. Issues in Criminological and Legal Psychology, No. 15. Leicester, England: The British Psychological Society.

Line

Legal Issues

AIDS Testing. (June, 1997). Juvenile and Family Law Digest, 29 (6), 1662-1663.

Akin, D. F. (1990). Sex offenders and the failure to cure them. Journal of Juvenile Law, 11 (1), 65-69.

Andres, P. L. (1995). Sticking it to the fourth amendment: The failure of Missouri's mandatory HIV testing law for juvenile sex offenders. UMKC Law Review, 63 (3), 455-474.

Bala, N., & Schwartz, I. (1993). Legal responses to the juvenile sex offender. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 25-43). New York: The Guilford Press.

Heinz, J., & Ryan, G. (1997). The legal system's response to juvenile sexual offenders. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 201-210). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Hiller, S. (Spring, 1998). Note: The problem with juvenile sex offender registration: The detrimental effects of public disclosure. Boston Public Interest Law Journal. 7, 271.

Horne, L., Glasgow, D., Cox, A., & Calam, R. (1991). Sexual abuse of children by children. The Journal of Child Law, 147-152.

Hunter, J. A., & Lexier, L. J. (1998). Ethical and legal issues in the assessment and treatment of juvenile sex offenders. Child Maltreatment, 3 (4), 339-348.

Lieb, R. (1996). Community notification laws: A step toward more effective solutions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 11 (2), 298-300.

Lowe, R. J. (1997). Chalk talk: School notification of students' sexual offense convictions: Does it protect our children or impede quality education? Journal of Law & Education, 26, (p. 169).

Martin, E. F., & Pruett, M. K. (1998). The juvenile sex offender and the juvenile justice system. American Criminal Law Review, 35 (2), 279-332.

O'Neal, W. (1997). Effects of race on court case processing of juvenile sex offenders. Unpublished master's thesis, University of South Florida, Tampa.

Prentky, R. A. (1996). Community notification and constructive risk reduction. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 11 (2), 294-298.

Quinn, K. M. (1992). Juvenile sex offenders. In M. G. Kalogerakis (Ed.), Handbook of psychiatric practice in the juvenile court (pp.105-109). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Rodier, D. N. (June 29, 1998). State court rulings: Evidence of child victim's own sex offenses admitted. Pennsylvania Law Weekly, 8.

Rothchild, S. N. (1996). Beyond incarceration: Juvenile sex offender treatment programs offer youths a second chance. Journal of Law and Policy, 4 (2), 719-758.

Shields, G., Schondel, C., & Lab, S. (1993). Treating the juvenile sex offender: Specialized court intervention vs. utilization of community resources. Journal of Law and Social Work, 4 (2), 8-16.

Tain, P. (July, 1998). Some youth sex offenders. Solicitors Journal, 142 (29), 695.

Witt, P. H., DelRusso, J., & Ferguson, G. (1996). Sex offender risk assessment and the law. The Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 24 (3), 343-377.

Zavez, M. (1998). Child abuse registries and juveniles: An overview and suggestions for change in legislative and agency direction. Seton Hall Legislative Journal, 22 (2), 405-435.

Line

Juvenile Female Sex Offenders

Atcheson, J. D., & Williams, D. C. (1954). A study of juvenile sex offenders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 366-370.

Becker, J. V., & Hunter, J. A. (1997). Understanding and treating child and adolescent sexual offenders. Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 177-197.

Bumby, K. M., & Halstenson Bumby, N. (1997). Adolescent female sexual offenders. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: New insights, treatment innovations, and legal developments Volume II (pp. 10-1 - 10-16). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Cavanagh Johnson, T. (1989). Female child perpetrators: Children who molest other children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 13, 571-585.

Fehrenbach, P. A., & Monastersky, C. (1988). Characteristics of female adolescent sexual offenders. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 58 (1), 148-151.

Fromuth, M. E., & Conn, V. E. (1997). Hidden perpetrators: sexual molestation in a nonclinical sample of college women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12 (3), 456-466.

Higgs, D. C., Canavan, M. M., & Meyer, W. J. (1992). Clinical notes - Moving from defense to offense: The development of an adolescent female sex offender. Journal of Sex Research, 29 (1), 131-139.

Hunter, J. A., Lexier, L. J., Goodwin, D. W., Browne, P. A., & Dennis, C. (1993). Psychosexual, attitudinal, and developmental characteristics of juvenile female sexual perpetrators in a residential treatment setting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2 (4), 317-326.

Mathews, R., Hunter, J. A., & Vuz, J. (1997). Juvenile female sexual offenders: Clinical characteristics and treatment issues. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 9 (3), 187-199.

Ray, J. A., & English, D. L. (1995). Comparison of female and male children with sexual behavior problems. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 24 (4), 439-451.

Richardson, G., Kelly, T. P., Bhate, S. R., & Graham, F. (1997). Group differences in abuser and abuse characteristics in a British sample of sexually abusive adolescents. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 9 (3), 239 - 257.

Scavo, R. R. (1989). Female adolescent sex offenders: A neglected treatment group. Social Casework: The Journal of Contemporary Social Work, 70 (2), 114-117.

Line

Adult Female Sex Offenders

Allen, C. M. (1991). Women and men who sexually abuse children: A comparative analysis. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Allen, C. M., & Pothast, H. L. (1994). Distinguishing characteristics of male and female child sex abusers. Young Victims, Young Offenders, 73-88.

Coulborn Faller, K. (1987). Women who sexually abuse children. Violence and Victims, 2 (4), 263-276.

Eldridge, H. (1994). Barbara's story - a mother who sexually abused. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 74-87). New York: Guilford Press.

Faller, K. C. (1987). Women who sexually abuse children. Violence and Victims, 2 (4), 263-276.

Finkelhor, D., & Russell, D. (1984). Women as perpetrators: Review of the evidence. In D. Finkelhor (Ed.), Child sexual abuse: New theory and research New York: Free Press.

Freel, M. (1995). Women who sexually abuse children. Norwich, UK: University of Hull.

Grier, P. E., Clark, M., & Stoner, S. B. (1993). Comparative study of personality traits of female sex offenders. Psychological Reports, 73 (3), 1378.

Matthews, J. K. (1994). Working with female sexual abusers. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 57-73). New York: Guilford Press.

Matthews, J. K., Mathews, R., & Speltz, K. (1991). Female sexual offenders: A typology. In M. Q. Patton (Ed.), Family Sexual Abuse (pp. 199-219).

McCarty, L. M. (1986). Mother-child incest: Characteristics of the offender. Child Welfare, LXV (5), 447-458.

Rowan, E. L., Rowan, J. B., & Langelier, P. (1990). Women who molest children. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry the Law, 18 (1), 79-83.

Saradjian, J., & Hanks, H. (1996). Women who sexually abuse children. John Wiley & Sons: New York.

Travin, S., Cullen, K., & Protter, B. (1990). Female sex offenders: Severe victims and victimizers. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 35 (1), 140-150.

Wolfers, O. (1994). The paradox of women who sexually abuse children. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 93-99). New York: Guilford Press.

Young, V. (1994). Women abusers - a feminist view. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 100-114). New York: Guilford Press.

Line

Adult Female and Juvenile Female Sex Offenders

Elliott, M. (1994). What survivors tell us - an overview. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 5-13). New York: Guilford Press.

Faller, K. C. (1995). A clinical sample of women who have sexually abused children. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 4 (3), 13-30.

Harrison, H. (1994). Female abusers - what children and young people have told Childline. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 89-92). New York: Guilford Press.

Jennings, K. T. (1994). Female child molesters: A review of the literature. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 219-234). New York: Guilford Press.

Johnson, R. L., & Shrier, D. (1987). Past sexual victimization by females of male patients in an adolescent medicine clinic population. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144 (5), 650-653.

Kaufman, K. L., Wallace, A. M., Johnson, C. F., & Reeder, M. L. (1995). Comparing female and male perpetrators' modus operandi. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10 (3), 322-333.

Knopp, F. H., & Lackey, L. B. (1987). Female sexual abusers: A summary of data from 44 treatment providers. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

Mathews, R., Matthews, J. K., & Speltz, K. (1989). Female sexual offenders: An exploratory study. Orwell, VT: Safer Society Press.

O'Connor, A. A. (1987). Female sex offenders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 615-620.

Peluso, E., & Putnam, N. (1996). Case study: Sexual abuse of boys by females. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35 (1), 51-54.

Schwartz, B. R., & Cellini, H. R. (1995). Female sex offenders. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: Corrections, treatment and legal practice (pp. 5-1 - 5-22). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute, Inc.

Sgroi, S. M., & Sargent, N. M. (1994). Impact and treatment issues for victims of childhood sexual abuse by female perpetrators. In M. Elliott (Ed.), Female sexual abuse of children (pp. 14-35). New York: Guilford Press.

Line

Miscellaneous

Abel, G. G., Osborn, C. A., & Twigg, D. A. (1993). Sexual assault through the life span: Adult offenders with juvenile histories. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 104-117). New York: The Guilford Press.

Barbaree, H. E., Hudson, S. M., & Seto, M. C. (1993). Sexual assault in society: The role of the juvenile offender. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 1- 24). New York: The Guilford Press.

Coleman, H. (1997). Gaps and silences: The culture and adolescent sex offenders. Journal of Child and Youth Care, 11 (1), 1-13.

Deisher, R. W., Wenet, G. A., Paperny, D. M., Clark, T. F., & Fehrenbach, P. A. (1982). Adolescent sex offense behavior: The role of the physician. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 2, 279-286.

James, A. C., & Neil, P. (1996). Juvenile sexual offending: One-year period prevalence study within Oxfordshire. Child Abuse & Neglect, 20 (6), 477-485.

Okami, P. (1992). Adversaria: "Child perpetrators of sexual abuse": The emergence of a problematic deviant category. Journal of Sex Research. 29 (1) 109-130.

Openshaw, D. K., Graves, R. B., Ericksen, S. I., Lowry, M., Durso, D. D., Agee, L., Todd, S., & Jones, K. E. (1993). Youthful sexual offenders: A comprehensive bibliography of scholarly references, 1970-1992. Family Relations, 42, 222-226.

Ryan, G. (1986). Annotated bibliography: Adolescent perpetrators of sexual molestation of children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 10, 125-131.

Ryan, G. (1991). Incidence and prevalence of sexual offenses committed by juveniles. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 9-15). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1991). The historical response to juvenile sexual offenses. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 17-19). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). Incidence and prevalence of sexual offenses committed by juveniles. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 10-16). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Siddall, R. (June 12, 1997). Stop, press: Youth crime. Community care. 1176, 22-23.

White, J. W., & Koss, M. P. (1993). Adolescent sexual aggression within heterosexual relationships: prevalence, characteristics, and causes. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 182-202). New York: The Guilford Press.

Line

Normative Aspects of Growth and Development

Balk, D. E. (1995). Adolescent development: Early through late adolescence. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.

Bandura, A. (1973). Aggression: A social learning analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of moral thought and action. In W. M. Kurtines & J. L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and development: Vol. 1. Theory. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Bandura, A. & Walters, R. H. (1959). Adolescent aggression. New York: Ronald Press.

Batson, C. D. (1991). The altruism question: Toward a social-psychological answer. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Baumrind, D. (1972). Socialization and instrumental competence in young children. In W. W. Hartup (Ed.), The young child: Reviews of research (Vol. 2). Washington, DC: National Association for the Education of Young Children.

Becker, W. C. (1964). Consequence of different kinds of parental discipline. In M. L. Hoffman (Ed.), Review of child development research. (Vol. 1), New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Best, R. (1983). We've all got scars. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Bierman, K. L., & Montminy, H. P., (1993). Developmental issues in social-skills assessment and interview with children and adolescents. Behavior Modification, 17, 229-254.

Billy, J. O. G., Landale, N. S., Grady, W. R. & Zimmerle, D. M. (1988). Effects of sexual activity on adolescent social and psychological development. Social Psychology Quarterly, 51 (3), 190-212.

Blanchard-Fields, F., & Irion, J. C. (1988). Coping strategies from the perspective of two developmental markers: Age and social reasoning. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 149, 141-151.

Blasi, A. (1980). Bridging moral cognition and moral action: A critical review of the literature. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 1-45.

Bornstein, M. H., et al. (Eds.). (1995). Handbook of parenting, Vol. 4.: Applied and practical parenting. Manwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Bornstein, P. H., Schuldberg, D., & Bornstein, M. T. (1987). Conduct disorders. In V. B. Van Hasselt & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (pp. 245-264). New York: Pergamon Press.

Bukowski, W. M., Sippola, L., & Brender, W. (1993). Where does sexuality come from?: Normative sexuality from a developmental perspective. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 84-103). New York: The Guilford Press.

Bybee, J. (Ed.) et al. (1998). Guilt and children. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, Inc.

Calderone, M. S. (1983). On the possible prevention of sexual problems in adolescence. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 34 (6), 528-530.

Chandler, M. J. (1973). Egocentrism and anti-social behavior: The assessment and training of social perspective-taking skills. Developmental Psychology, 9, 326-332.

Cicchetti, D., & Carlson, V. (Eds.). (1989). Childhood maltreatment: Theory and research on the causes and consequences of child abuse and neglect. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Craig, G. J. (1980). Human development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Crane-Ross, D. A. (1996). Aggression and conventional rule violation among adolescents: Social-reasoning predictors of social behavior. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences & Engineering, 56 (10-B), 5792.

DiBlasio, F. A., & Benda, B. B. (1990). Adolescent sexual behavior: Multivariate analysis of a social learning model. Journal of Adolescent Research, 5 (4), 449-466.

Dishion, T. J. (1990). The family ecology of boys' peer relations in middle childhood. Child Development, 61, 874-892.

Dodge, K.A., Pettit, G. S. & Bates, J. E. (1994). Socialization mediators of the relation between socioeconomic status and child conduct problems. Child Development, 65 (2), 649-665.

Donnerstein, E. (1983). Erotica and human aggression. In R. G. Green & E. Donnerstein (Eds.), Aggression: Theoretical and empirical reviews. New York: Academic Press.

Dulit, E. (1989). Adolescent psychological development: Normal and abnormal. In R. Rosner, & H. I. Schwartz (Eds.), Juvenile Psychiatry and The Law (pp. 219-236). New York: Plenum.

Eisenberg, N. (1987). The relation of altruism and other moral behaviors to moral cognition: Methodological and conceptual issues. In N. Eisenberg (Ed.), Contemporary topics in developmental psychology (pp. 165-189). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Eisenberg, N. (1988). The development of prosocial and aggressive behavior. In M. H. Bornstein & M. E. Lamb (Eds.), Developmental psychology: An advanced textbook (2nd ed.), (pp. 461-495). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Eisenberg, N. (Ed). (1982). The development of prosocial behavior. New York: Academic Press.

Eisenberg, N., & Miller, P. (1987). The relation of empathy to prosocial and related behaviors. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 91-119.

Elkind, D. (1967). Egocentrism in adolescence. Child Development, 38 1025-1034.

Elkind, D. (1975). Recent research on cognitive development in adolescence. In S. E. Dragastin & G. H. Elder, Sr. (Eds.), Adolescence in the life cycle. New York: John Wiley.

Elliott, D. M., & Smiljanich, K. (1994). Sex offending among juveniles: Development and response. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 8 (3), 101-105.

Elliott, D. S., & Morse, B. J. (1989). Delinquency and drug use as risk factors in teenage sexual activity. Youth and Society, 21 (1), 32-60

Eron, L. D., Rowell Huesmann, L., Brice, P., Fischer, P., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). Age trends in the developmental aggression, sex typing, and related television habits. Developmental Psychology, 19 (1), 71-77.

Friedrich, W. N., Grambsch, P., Broughton, D., Kuiper, J., & Beilke, R. L. (1991). Normative sexual behavior in children. Pediatrics, 88 (3), 456-464.

Fultz, J., Schaller, M., & Cialdini, M. (1988). Empathy, sadness and distress: Three related but distinct vicarious affective responses to another's suffering. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14, (2), 312-325.

Gagnon, J.H. (1965). Sexuality and sexual learning in the child. Psychiatry, 28, 212-228.

Garber, J., & Dodge, K. A. (Eds.). (1991). The development of emotional regulation and dysregulation. Cambridge studies in social and emotional development. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Gibbs, J. C. (1991a). Toward an integration of Kohlberg's and Hoffman's theories of morality. In W. M. Kurtines & J. L. Gerwirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and development Volume 1: Theory. (pp. 183-222). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Gibbs, J. C. (1991b). Sociomoral developmental delay and cognitive distortion: Implications for the treatment of antisocial youth. In W. M. Kurtines & J. L. Gerwirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and development Volume 3: Application. (pp. 95-110). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Glick, R. A., Roose, S. P. (Eds.). (1993). Rage, power and aggression, The role of affect in motivation, development, and adaptation, Vol. 2. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Guerra, N. G., Nucci, L., & Huesmann, L. R. (1994). Moral cognition and childhood aggression. In L. R. Huesmann, et al. (Eds.), Aggressive behavior: Current perspectives (pp. 13-33). New York: Plenum.

Hartmann, D. P. (1969). Influence of symbolically modeled instrumental and pain cues on aggressive behaviors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 11, 280-288.

Healy, W., & Bronner, A. F. (1926). Delinquents and criminals, their making and unmaking: Studies in two American cities. New York: Macmillan.

Hoffman, M. L. (1977). Moral internalization: Current theory and research. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology 10, (pp. 86-135). New York: Academic Press.

Hoffman, M. L. (1988). Moral development. In L. Bornstein & M. E. Lamb (Eds.), Developmental psychology: An advanced textbook (2nd ed.), (pp. 467-548). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Hoffman, M. L. (1989). Empathy, social cognition, and moral action. In W. Kurtines & J. Gewirtz (Eds.), Moral behavior and development: Vol. 1 Advances in theory, research, and application. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Hoffman, M. L. (1994). Discipline and Internalization. Developmental Psychology, 30 (1), 26-28.

Huesmann, L. R., Eron, L. D., & Warnick Yarmel, P. (1987). Intellectual functioning and aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52 (1), 232-240.

Johnson, J. H., & Fennell, E. B. (1983). Aggressive and delinquent behavior in childhood and adolescence. In C. E. Walker & M. C. Roberts (Eds.), Handbook of clinical child psychology (pp. 475-497). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Johnson, R. E. (1987). Mother's versus father's role in causing delinquency. Adolescence, 22 (86), 305-315.

Jurkovic, G. J. (1980). The juvenile delinquent as a moral philosopher: A structural-developmental perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 709-727.

Jurkovic, G. J., & Prentice, N. M. (1977). Relation of moral and cognitive development to dimensions of juvenile delinquency. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 414-420.

Kelley, M. L., & Power, T. G. (1992). Children's moral understanding: Developmental and social contextual determinants. In L. T. Winegar & J. Valsiner (Eds.), Children's development within social context: Vol. 2: Research and methodology (pp. 203-227). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Kurtine, W. M., & Gerwitz, J. L. (Eds.). (1991a). Handbook of moral behavior and development. Volume 1: Theory. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Lamb, S. (1993). The beginning of morality. In A. Garrod (Ed.), Approaches to moral development: New research and emerging themes (pp. 9-29). New York: Teachers College Press.

Langdale, S. (1993). Moral development, gender identity, and peer relationships in early and middle childhood. In A. Garrod (Ed.), Approaches to moral development: New research and emerging themes (pp. 30-58). New York: Teachers College Press.

Langfeldt, T. (1981). Sexual development in children. In M. Cook, & K. Howells (Eds.), Adult Sexual Interest in Children (pp. 99-120). New York: Academic Press.

Lerner, J. V., Hertzog, C., Hooker, K. A., Hassibi, M., & Thomas, A. (1988). A longitudinal study of negative emotional states and adjustment from early childhood through adolescence. Child Development, 59, 356-366.

Lickona, T. (1976). Research on Piaget's theory on moral development. In T. Lickona (Ed.), Moral development and behavior: Theory, research, and social issues (pp. 219-240). New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.

Lubin, D., & Forbes, D. (1984). Children's reasoning and peer relations. In B. Rogoff, J. Lave, et al. (Eds.), Everyday cognition: Its development in social context (pp. 220-237). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Marshall W. L., Hudson S. M., & Hodkinson, S. (1993). The importance of attachment bonds in the development of juvenile sex offending. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 164-181). New York: The Guilford Press.

Martinson, F. M. (1991). Normal sexual development in infancy and early childhood. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 57-81). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Martinson, F. M. (1997). Sexual development in infancy and childhood. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 36-57). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

McCord, W., McCord, J., & Zola, I. K. (1959). Origins of crime. New York: Columbia University Press.

Neimark, E. D. (1975). Longitudinal development of formal operational thought. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 91, 171-225.

Parke, R. D., & Slaby, R. G. (1983). The development of aggression. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Socialization, personality, and social development. (Vol. 4) New York: Wiley.

Patterson, G. R., DeBaryshe, B. D., & Ramsey, E. (1989). A developmental perspective on antisocial behavior. American Psychologist, 44 (2), 329-335.

Patterson, G. R., Reid, J., & Dishion, T. (1992). Antisocial boys. Eugene, OR: Catalia.

Perry, D. G., & Perry, L. C. (1974). Denial of suffering in the victim as a stimulus to violence in aggressive boys. Child Development, 45, 55-62.

Pomeroy, J. C., Behar, D., & Stewart, M. A. (1981). Abnormal sexual behaviour in pre-pubescent children. British Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 119-125.

Puka, B. (Ed.). (1994). Reaching out: Caring altruism, and prosocial behavior. Moral development: A compendium, Vol. 7. New York: Garland Publishing.

Quinsey, V. L., Rice, M. E., Harris, G. T., & Reid, K. S. (1993). The phylogenetic and ontogenetic development of sexual age preference in males: conceptual and measurement issues. In H.E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 143-163). New York: The Guilford Press

Radke-Yarrow, M., & Zahn-Waxler, C. (1984). Roots, motives, and patterns in children's prosocial behavior. In E. Staub, D. Bar-Tal, J. Karylowski, & J. Reykowski (Eds.), Development and maintenance of prosocial behavior: International perspectives on positive behavior (pp. 81-99). New York: Plenum.

Reimer, M. S. (1996). "Sinking into the ground": The development and consequences of shame in adolescence. Developmental Review, 16, 321-363.

Ryan, G. (1991). Perpetration prevention: Primary and secondary. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 393-408). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Ryan, G. (1997). Perpetration prevention. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 434-454). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Ryan, G. (1997). Phenomenology. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 122-135). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Salovey, P., & Sluyter, D. J. (Eds.). (1997). Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Educational implications. New York: Basicbooks.

Sameroff, A. J., & Haith, M. M. (Eds.). (1996). The five to seven year shift: The age of reason and responsibility. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Series on Mental Health and Development. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Satterfield, S. (1975). Common sexual problems of children and adolescents. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 22 (3), 643-652.

Schweinhart, L. J., & Weikart, D. P. (1997). The High/Scope Preschool Curriculum Comparison study through age 23. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 12, 117-143.

Shatz, M., & Gelman, R. (1973). The development of communication skills: Modifications in the speech of young children as a function of the listener. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 38, 1-37.

Singer, C. M. (1984). The development of empathy skills and friendship reasoning in early adolescents: A comparison of three psychoeducational programs. Dissertaion Abstracts International, 45 (4-B), 1305.

Slaby, R. G., & Guerra, N. G. (1988). Cognitive mediators of aggression in adolescent offenders: 1. Assessment. Developmental Psychology, 24 (4), 580-588.

Spivack, G., Marcus, J., & Swift, M. (1986). Early classroom behavior and later misconduct. Developmental Psychology, 22, 124-131.

Steele, B. F., & Ryan, G. (1991). Deviancy: Development gone wrong. In G. D. Ryan, & S. L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (pp. 83-101). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

Steele, B. F., & Ryan, G. (1997). Deviancy. In G. Ryan, & S. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending (New and Revised Edition) (pp. 59-75). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Tangney, J. P., Wagner, P. E., Hill-Barlow, D., Marschall, D. E., & Gramzow, R. (1996). Relation of shame and guilt to constructive versus destructive responses to anger across the lifespan. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70 (4), 797-809.

Turiel, E. (1987). Potential relations between the development of social reasoning and childhood aggression. In D. H. Crowell, I. M. Evans, & C. R. O'Donnell (Eds.), Childhood aggression and violence: Sources of influence, prevention, and control (pp. 95-114). New York: Plenum.

Underwood, B., & Moore, B. S. (1982). Perspective-taking and altruism. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 143-173.

Van Hasselt, V. B., & Hersen, M. (Eds.). (1992). Handbook of social development: A lifespan perspective. New York: Plenum.

Walker, C. E., Roberts, M. C. (Eds.). (1992). Handbook of clinical child psychology (2nd ed). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Watson, G. (1957). Some personality differences in children related to strict or permissive parental discipline. Journal of Psychology, 44, 227-249.

Weille, K. L. H. (1997). The dynamics of sexual victimization / victimizing in the members of a child sexual abuse group: Exploring the theoretical role of shame. Smith College Studies in Social Work. 67 (2), 225-239.

Weinstock, R. (1989). Emotional, cognitive, and moral developmental considerations in interviews of adolescents for forensic purposes. In R. Rosner, & H. I. Schwartz (Eds.), Juvenile Psychiatry and The Law (pp. 199-217).

Williams, B. T. R., & Gilmour, J. D. (1994). Annotation: Sociometry and peer relationships. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35 (6), 997-1013.

Wood, F. H. (1994). "Why should I? That's not my problem.": Defensive thought and behavior patterns and children's resistance to adult-sponsored socialization. Education and Treatment of Children. 17 (3), 302-311.

Zahn-Waxler, C., & Smith, K. D. (1992). The development of prosocial behavior. In V. B. Van Hasselt & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of social development: A lifespan perspective. New York: Plenum.

Zahn-Waxler, C., Radke-Yarrow, M., & King, R. A. (1979). Child rearing and children's prosocial initiations toward victims of distress. Child Development, 50, 319-330.